Introducing – Cheap Sunglasses!

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Wouldnt it be great if the latest pair of sunglasses from Moschino werent hideously expensive but actually fell in the category of cheap sunglasses? Wouldnt you also love to wear a pair of Emporio Armani shades and walk around smartly, knowing that people are looking at them with envy?

Designer Wear for Cheap

Well, my friend, you can have all of that and more! Cheap sunglasses arent a dream anymore, but very much a reality! You can take your pick from the internet. Hold on, Im not talking about fakes which are basically designed to rip you off; Im talking about authentic designer sunglasses available at UNBELIEVABLY DISCOUNTED prices!

In fact, a lot of people have trouble digesting that a pair of authentic sunglasses from Yves Saint Laurent can be for just ninety bucks! Yes, that phrase comes to mind again cheap sunglasses! So where can you get these sunglasses at these throwaway prices?

No, not at pawn shops, but on the internet, there are many sites where you will be able to find these designer sunglasses at fantastic rates. But thats not all! There are places where the shipping too is free! Plus, there is a thirty day, hundred percent money back guarantee.

Why wait when a golden opportunity like this knocks on your door? Especially when you have a hundred percent guarantee and free shipping in the U.S. The biggest reason why ordinary people cant afford designer sunglasses is because they are so expensive, but if they are actually transformed to cheap sunglasses, whos to stop you from grabbing them?

Returns

But while you are browsing for shops online, I recommend that you go in for a shop where they allow you to return your product. There are places which issue you with a Returns Merchandise Authorization Number as well as detailed instructions which will describe the entire return procedure to you. Of course, you might have to pay for the shipping price of these, but hey, thats only fair, right?

But while on the subject of return, you must ensure that the goods are in the original condition in which you received them. If they appear undamaged and in good condition (not used), then the full amount is returned. Otherwise, of course, this is not valid it works just like any department store purchase.

Or, if you want cheap sunglasses but dont want to go in for big brands like Ray Ban or Gucci, you can always go in for sunglasses by a whole host of name brands. These will offer a great look and what is more, they will be totally affordable! Not just that, these might be cheap sunglasses, but the quality you get is very much top class!

Some of these brands which are worth checking out are Field and Stream, Dirty Dog Eyewear, ESPN, Panama Jack and so on. Yes, these arent Gucci, but you could fool anyone! Cheap sunglasses arent a dream anymore, they are very much a reality a reality which you can find on the internet so get started now!

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Pruning Grape Vines

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So at long last you have taken a decision of growing grape vines. You may be thinking all that is required is to plant the vine and you will have a great bunch of grapes. Isn’t it? Wrong, it cannot be further from truth. The most essential part of growing high quality grapes after planting is pruning grape vines.

You may also be thinking that pruning grape vines is such a boring task, besides I have got a great harvest this year, so what is the necessity of pruning? There is no denying of the fact that you had a great harvest without pruning, but are you more concerned about the quantity of grapes or its quality? Grape growers who have just started growing vines may think that pruning is just nonsense, since there has been a bumper harvest. If you come to such a conclusion you are making a big mistake and may have to pay a heavy price.

Pruning grape vines is essential because it removes a lot of over used mature branches from the preceding year and helps in new growth of the vine.

If a vine is left as it is then a number of buds will be left behind and in theory will be able to produce a lot of grapes. However, this is not the right approach, as you will overload the vine and in the process the vine may break.

Grape bunches don’t feed themselves on their own. The ripening process happens due to the support from the vine branches. The greater the number of bunches, the more energy and support that is required. If the number of bunches is large then the vine can reasonably fee there will not be enough energy so as to ripen all the fruit. As a result some bunches would not ripen properly and you will not be able to use much of the fruit. Even if you are thinking of having grape bunches for decoration only, still it would look better if they had ripened well.

That’s why, pruning grape vines is so important.

Once you understand the importance of pruning grape vines, it will not seem like much of a problem for you but rather a pleasure. The important thing is to learn the correct process of pruning. You need to have a lot of patience as it may be three years before vines begin producing fruits. Vines should be allowed to grow for some time, at least for a year or two before you start major pruning, as this helps in strengthening the root system.

In the first winter, the stems found at the base of the vine should be removed but care should be taken to keep the strongest stem. At a later stage this becomes the trunk which should be well supported using a wired fence or a grape stake.

You should allow the growth of other stems from the trunk. In the second spring you should retain the two best shoots that grow out from the trunk. As the vine grows it reaches a certain height and it is necessary to cut back the weaker part of the trunk after that. This helps in new growth along the trunk. However, new branches that disfigure the vine need to be removed. In the winter of the second year you need to ensure that there is a basic structure of the plant, with a straight trunk and a set of side branches. The only thing that needs to be done in the spring of the third year is to keep trimming.

A very crucial point is leaving about 10-15 buds in each arm during the winter of the third year. These are the ones which produce your bunches during the summers growth period. These buds are called ‘renewal bud’ and must have a couple of leaf joints. The renewal buds should be continuously pruned so as to allow new growth during summers, but care should be taken not to cut off buds that are already producing grapes.

Thus, this gives you an idea of pruning grape vines. Pruning is necessary to ensure crop quality of the highest order. It is another matter whether you are growing vines for commercial purposes or just for decoration of your backyard, you should not neglect the necessity of pruning grape vines.

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Experince wines by wines by availing Excellent rooms combined with tours to wineries for your Napa

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Napa Valley Vacation: Wine Tour

The amazing Napa Valley stretches north and south across 30 miles between the city of Napa and the town of Calistoga. More than 46,000 acres of agricultural land fill the area with a single purpose to grow grapes and produce world class wines. A few of the exciting activities to do in this place, especially if this is your first visit, are taking part in cave tours to personally experience the details involved in wine making, exploring select wineries, and wine tasting. It’s no secret that Napa Valley is home to several of the finest wines, and a vast majority would travel or take a trip to experience this; moreover, to capably keep up with these demands, hotels in this place offer various Napa Valley vacation packages with the best wine tours included. A Napa Valley wine tour offers a distinct opportunity to visitors and travelers to sample their best wines, along with choosing a favorite that can be paired up with great foods.

Today, however, an enormous variety of wine from all over the world is readily available in the valley, and there’s a lot of experimentation done with flavor combinations to create the perfect drink.

Napa Valley Vacation: Wineries

Napa Valley, which is located just an hour north of San Francisco, California, has more than two hundred wineries that are visited by millions of people annually. Vacationers can check the wine grower of Francis Ford Coppola where astounding choices of wines known for their flavor and distinct taste are found. Another known winery that is visited daily by a lot of vacationers is the Chandon vineyard and Estate, where you’re allowed to research various wine-making processes that start from grapes before it is contained in the bottle.

Besides this wine experience, the place also gives tours to several of the greatest bistros that are popular in the region and one of which is the Culinary Institute of America. Vacationers are given a selection of different hotel companies that provide these services as well as economical lodging. Extra activities such as golfing, spa healing, and hot air balloon rides are also offered to provide a more amazing vacation experience in California.

Napa Valley Vacation: Activities

One of the established valleys in California is Napa Valley, home to some of the famous vineyards and to its thousands of local residents who benefit from their refined and relaxed lifestyle. Even though the towns are small, its residential homes are mixed with larger properties like farms and vineyards where world famous grape wines are produced. This is a place where local residents support the community with energy and water conservation, recycling, and most homes are normally built with consideration for these projects particularly to maintain the place beautiful and clean. If you are planning a Napa Valley vacation, be prepared for a jam-packed calendar of activities that will astound you. Local festivals are frequent with many of them covered by international press such as events like the annual Napa Sonoma Wine Country Film Festival, Annual Friends of the Napa River Festival, Napa Valley Mustard Festival, and the Sonoma County Tomato Festival. Additionally, the Lincoln Theater is a world class venue for local and international performing arts, and the significant Napa Valley Opera House showcases all year round theater plays, musicals, and dances.

A Pet Friendly Napa Valley Vacation Accommodation

Napa Valley is one of the best wine growing regions all over the world that features a mild type of weather, luscious hills grown with abundant vineyards, and historical towns. If you plan for an exhilarating Napa Valley vacation, you will have a wide range of choices of pet friendly accommodation that ranges from tent to RV camping near the wonderful Pacific coastline. Other accommodation options that guarantee a memorable trip are offered by various bed and breakfast inns and world class hotels equipped with spas and pools that will surely pamper you and your pet in experiencing a luxurious treatment. In addition to pet friendly hotels, you can also visit any of the different pet friendly vineyards functioning in the region. Some vineyards permit well-behaved pets only in picnic sites while others warmly welcome your furry best friends by letting them take advantage of their wine testing rooms that provide water and delicious dog treats. Both cats and dogs are among the several animals regularly seen enjoying some of the popular wineries in the place.

Do you want to travel to one of the top vacation destinations in the world? If you are looking for a mememorable getaway, you must get a Napa Valley Vacations. Cheap room rates and affordale air flights for your vacation packages are offered all year round.

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Good Ole Fashioned Wine Making Equipment

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Never use metallic containers, bowls, or spoons the acids in the wine will respond with the metals and produce chemicals that might be harmful. Wood and glass are favored; plastic is acceptable, though it might impart a slight plastic flavor to the wine. Avoid colored plastics. Any clay churn seems to do. You can take a gallon of berries and you can use a gallon glass, say, a pickle jar or a milk jar, and that will do well for a gallon.
Churns, jars, and other equipment must be sterilized or must be at least very clean. This will prevent “bad” bacteria from ruining your wine. The common bacterial infection in wine is from Acetobacter, which turns wine into vinegar (acetic-acid).
There are several easy methods of sterilization:
1.Pour boiling water over all the surfaces of your equipment. The water must be boiling to be effective. Do not pour the water over cool glass; it might shatter.
2.Household bleach should be diluted at 1 cup per gallon of water and used to sterilize the equipment. Do not use on metal equipment it will corrode. Be sure everything is well rinsed with water that has been boiled and cooled; any traces of bleach will ruin wine.
3.Eight Campden tablets should be crushed and added to 1 pint of cold water. Use the same way as bleach. Do not use on metal equipment and do not breathe the fumes. Equipment does not have to be immersed or filled with the solution; just shake and roll the solution all around the insides of the equipment. All sterilized equipment should be well rinsed with water that has been boiled and cooled.

Straining is essential: The clearer the wine, the better the flavor. Each recipe contains the method of straining, but most use a cloth of some sort. Some people take stocking hoses and strain with that. Most people when they make wine they keep straining it off until it foams a little bit.
The hydrometer is a device that measures the specific gravity of the wine. It is used by most experts and advanced wine makers, but it is not necessary for making wine. Specific gravity is a density measure and can be used to determine the amount of sugar in wine, hence the amount of alcohol in the ultimate product. There are several types of hydrometers. The most useful for wine making are those that have a Brix scale, enabling the user to measure both sugar and alcohol content. Hydrometers are available from wine making supply houses.
One of the most useful devices for wine making is the air lock. Its main purpose is to keep air out of the fermenting wine and yeast while, at the same time, permitting the evaporation of carbon dioxide. It locks out the outside air, which contains wild yeast. Basically you’re locking out the wild yeast. If you let it ferment without an air lock on it, put a piece of cheesecloth over it to keep the bugs out. When you’re making wine, if you don’t have an air lock on tight, you have a lot of wine flies gather. You see some people have so many wine flies they find the wine!
Several types of air locks are available in either glass or plastic and can be obtained through wine-making supply houses. Homemade air locks can be rigged, too, though they are cumbersome and unreliable.

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Wholesale Coogi women clothing

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You might have heard the Australian originated company named Coogi, it’s earned monumental name over the years as it’s a large collection for not solely men, but for ladies and children as well. however you don’t would like to get disappointed as the complete may be a wholesale complete and this means you can get the garments at low costs and they’re not only thought-about to be the newest brands in fashion but they’re thought of to be trend setters as well. it had been amongst the few wholesale brands which provided clothes for Olympics in 2000. This increased their popularity immensely.
You must have an idea that the brand Coogi is associated with different vibrant colours, lavish designs and patterns that are elegant and daring as well. this suggests after you enter a search it is not going to be straightforward which outfit you ought to choose for yourself.

However you’ll be in a position to be guaranteed that the quality is possible visiting be high category and so the outfit goes to be value each penny. The workers at coogi are known to be hardworking in order to supply you with garments which are the simplest garment with finesse and quality. You can conjointly purchase these garments on-line if you want, as there’s a whole range which is offered at their website. The main advantage of having such a giant selection is that you’ll opt for and this means that there is one thing for nearly everyone. And online searching is going to be abundant additional convenient then going into the search and buying it, it is not solely going to save you plenty of your time but you are going to save heaps of cash as well.
The main aim is to supply you clothes which are of great comfort and that they highlight the temperament of the person. You are going to urge all the latest fashion trends at coogi. The corporate currently offers garments for ladies and youngsters, but when it started it used to line neatly knitted sweaters for men, that were made to be worn in existence and daywear. and currently you can select from hoodies, shirts, t shirts, and all sorts of dresses for women. You’ll be in a position to simply get them if you have got the idea that these garments are divided into half dozen totally different categories, coogi men, coogi girls, coogi child, coogi authentic, and coogi C69. And now you’ll conjointly accessorize you feet, as coogi has recently launched coogi shoes so as to create a fashion statement. They’re not solely snug however they supply extreme magnificence to your feet as well. all this may be availed at very reasonable prices and you’ll be in a position to get them at much lower rates than retail brands.

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Growing Grape Vine – My Grape Vine

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More and more people are into gardening these days but what makes it more interesting is that most of them are looking into growing grapes in their homes. It is indeed possible for anyone to take on somewhat growing grape vine garden but it can take a lot of hard work to become successful. So before you get a headache on the things you will face for trying to grow grapes at home, better start learning the basic needs that grapes require to grow.

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There is not much that you need to provide your grape vines to grow but it is important to make some clever considerations as to the reasons why you are planning to grow them at home. Growing grape vine can have a lot of ways to pull and each can differ from the reason you have in mind. It helps if you could be able to find out why you are planning to grow grapes and what benefits you wish to get from it.

One of the most common reasons why some people grow grapes at home is simply for having their own supply of good tasting grapes anytime they want. And for some, selling the spare harvest can sure bring a lot of profit in return, especially if you consider selling them during special occasions.

On the other hand, if you plan to grow grapes to develop your own small wine industry, you should consider getting the variant which is a bit more acidic than those grapes you often see on the table. Table grapes will not do well for wine purposes. The reason is that table grapes do taste good but lack the tart and sour taste which is needed to come up with the best tasting wines.

Another purpose for growing grapes is simply for foliage. Growing grape vine is easy. But you must first know what you are really going after to help you decide on which types of grapes you should be growing at home. For whatever reasons you have in mind, be sure to consider selecting the best types of grapes intended for that purpose.

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Learn the Secret of Profiting in the Penny Stock Market

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As the famous saying goes, “Nothing in life is free.”  That may be true most of the time… but not always.

And sometimes, when investing, it pays to go against the grain.

Takearecent example. It was possible to bank huge gains from a company doing nothing but giving away free stuff.  (Who would think you could make so much money from a company doing that?)

So why buy this particular stock in the first place?

Because of the value of the business…

Not long ago, this company had a P/E of just 1 and a dividend yield over 28%.  These numbers tell us that you couldn’t give the stock away.  Buyers were nowhere to be found.

The company has a simple (and very profitable) business model.

 They publish a free magazine.  It’s a valuable resource for anyone looking to buy a new home or rent an apartment.  I know you’ve seen the magazine stands at your local grocery store.  You might have even used one recently.

Apartment Guide and New Home Guide are published by PRIMEDIA (PRM), the stock we’ve been discussing.

The business is simple.  They get all the local apartments or new home developers to pay for advertising.  Then they give the magazines away for free.  It’s a very effective strategy.  Just look at their distribution numbers.

Last year PRIMEDIA distributed more than 39 million guides to over 60,000 locations throughout the United States.

Why are they so successful?

Because everyone is constantly moving.  Some are buying new homes.

Some people are changing jobs.  Others might be in foreclosure. Whatever the reason, people are always moving.  The US Census Bureau estimates 40 million people move every year!

That’s a lot of free magazines to give away.

As such, the financial numbers look great.  Right before my recommendation, the company posted revenue of more than million.

They even dropped .9 million to the bottom line… pure profit. Management was aggressively cutting costs.

Now, the top line didn’t look like it would grow much… after all, their customers are in the housing industry.  However, they were looking very successful in a horrible economic environment.  Imagine what they could do when the economy improved.

That’s not all…

I also looked at their shareholder base.  It turns out PRIMEDIA was put together by Kohlberg, Kravis & Roberts (KKR), one of the largest private equity firms in the world.  KKR owns just over 58% of the company and has two board seats.  As I told my subscribers, “It’s like having an activist shareholder on the board, a good sign for investors.”

Shortly thereafter, the stock surged 514%.  Not too shabby…

Picking winners might seem easy.  But in reality, it’s a lot tougher than it looks.  Especially in the penny stock market.  But with solid research and a little courage, you can find some really big winners that others completely overlook.

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Endangered Komodo Dragons Become Killers

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The famous Komodo dragons, the heaviest living lizard on the planet, often grows up to 10 feet in length. They have shark-type teeth and poisonous venom that can kill a human being within hours of receiving a bite. These living fossils can run up to eleven mph in short bursts.

For decades villagers have dwelt peacefully alongside the world’s largest lizard, until the dragons commenced to attack.

The tales spread quickly across the smattering of tropical islands in southeastern Indonesia, the only place the endangered reptiles can still be seen in the wild. Experts say Komodo dragon attacks are still rare. Since 2007 a young boy and a fisherman have been killed and one person died in 2000. A minimum of 8 people have been badly hurt in the last ten years. All incidents involved an unprovoked attack.

A dragon slithered up the stairs of his wooden hut in Komodo National Park and went for 46-year-old park ranger, Main, who was doing paperwork. It attacked his ankles which were dangling beneath the desk. When Main tried to pry open the beast’s powerful jaws, it locked its teeth into his hand.

The dragon’s saliva is crammed with over 50 different strains of bacteria. When it attacks it goes on a frenzied biting spree that releases life-threatening venom.

Pointing to his jagged gashes, sewn up with 55 stitches and still swollen three months later, Main said,” I thought I wouldn’t survive… I’ve spent half my life working with Komodos and have never seen anything like it. Luckily, my friends heard my screams and got me to hospital in time.”

The villagers claim that the dragons are hungry and more aggressive towards people, because their food is being poached, though park officials are quick to dispute this. Heru Rudiharto, a biologist and reptile expert said “Though poaching is illegal, the sheer size of the park and a shortage of rangers make it almost impossible to patrol”.

“We used to give them the bones and skin of deer,” say the local fishermen. Many villagers accuse the 1994 law that ban villagers from feeding the dragons.

However tame these living reptiles may appear to be, lazing under trees and steering at the ocean from white-sandy beaches, they are strong, fast and deadly. Rudiharto says “The giant lizards have always been dangerous”.

A dragon can eat 70 percent of its own body weight in just one feeding.
There is a steady population of about 3,000 to 5,000 Komodo dragons on the islands of Komodo, Rinca, Gila Motang, and Flores, in Indonesia. However, a shortage of egg-laying females, human encroachment, poaching, and natural disasters has pushed the species to endangered status.

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Biodegradable Products Could Be The Answer To Environmental Pollution

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Perhaps the greatest concerns for every country in the recent days are the issues relating to environmental pollution. Scientists and administrative authorities are trying to address the problems by combined ventures. On the other hand commercial establishments are coming up with innovative ideas and products befitting the requirements and preference of customers who are steadily turning towards reusable products and biodegradable products that are eco-friendly.

Biodegradable Products

Biodegradable products undergo a natural decay and merger with the soil after its task is over and when it is thrown as waste. Some of the most popular biodegradable products are disposable plates, containers for food and saucers. They have the capability of improving the capacity of the soil to hold water. Hence there is comparatively less soil erosion. Permeability as well as infiltration capabilities of heavier soils are also improved with the product. Landfill with biodegradable products also results in less pollution due to methane emissions.

Addressing Landfill Waste Problems

One of the best purposes served with biodegradable products is the addressing of landfill waste problems across the globe. In the recent years the amounts of wastes in landfill have been increasing consistently. Most of these wastes are harmful for the environment creating pollution. Use of biodegradable products helps diversion of such wastes. Over the years the diversion of biodegradable wastes from landfill has been quadrupled and yet it covers only 9% of the entire waste and thus 91% still goes to the landfills. While wastes like leaves, yard debris, and grass can help formation of compost and does not affect the environment adversely, use of biodegradable products can help the cause tremendously.

Biodegradable Products Types

Numerous types of biodegradable products can be considered. For instance; such tableware includes plates, trays, containers, bowls, saucers, serving plates, utensils, and cups. Disposable boxes are also a very popular type of biodegradable product. Good thing about it is that all biodegradable products are usually subjected to stringent laboratory tests leaving no room for their becoming harmful to environment around in any manner. Such tests aim at finding out by way of analyzing the components as to what fraction of the organic carbons have been derived from the renewable resources.

With gradual shift of consumer preference towards natural, pure and organic from the synthetic, biodegradable products are assuming greater significance in the market.

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Discovering Florida’s Endangered Manatee

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Manatees, which belong to the Sirenia order of mammalians, refer to a a large, gray or black air breathing water mammal. A manatee has some characteristics as a hippopotamus and also named a sea cow. Often, an adult manatee are very big and can be ten-fet long and can weigh between 440 and 1300 pounds. Manatees have a small head with a straight snout having a bristly mustache on the upper lip. Paddle-like forelimbs are used to move through the water.

 

Manatees live in fresh, brackish, or salt water and roam with small herds somewhat like a family. Six to eight hours a day is spent grazing upon seaweed and other marine plants. Their slow metabolism reduces the energy requirements, thus they move slowly through the water. Because of their size, manatees have few natural enemies. Humans are the primary threat to the health and safety of the manatees.

After a 12-month gestation period, the female manatee may give birth to a single, pink calf about once every three years. A mother may nurse her calf from her teats located under her pectoral flippers.

 

What is an Endangered Specie?

 

An endangered specie is any plant or animal that is in danger of extinction (dying off). Presently as many as 34,000 plant species and 5,200 animal species around the world are in danger of extinction. Evolution of species accounts for a normal process in extinction, (natural predators and climate changes that the specie cannot adapt to), but most causes of specie extinction are from habitat destruction, pollution, increases in human population, resource consumption, and urban development.

 

A plant or animal must be identified by a criteria put forth by the Endangered Specie Act of 1973.

Before they can be identified, thousands of species become extinct each year.

 

The current global extinction rate is estimated at about 20,000 species per year, exponentially greater than the background extinction rate. Many biologists believe that we are in the middle of the greatest mass extinction episode since the disappearance of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. (Encarta msn.com)

 

Why Protect the Manatees?

 

The extinction of one or more species may affect the ecosystem and cause irreversibly damage. For example, when sea otters near the northern Pacific Rim were hunted almost to extinction in the 19th and early 20th centuries, sea urchin no longer had a major predator. This caused the sea urchin population to increase drastically. Once the sea urchins ate the kelp and other seaweeds, the rich underwater ecosystem became barren. When the U.S Marine Mammal Act of 1972 set forth protective laws, sea otters were reintroduced to the area. The kelp and seaweed forests were restored.

 

Humans depend upon the ecosystems to provide food, water, and clean air, as well as many medicines and products that are provided by biodiversity. It is imperative that we protect and save the lives of endangered plants and animals.

 

Typically manatees are found in the tropical and subtropical waters of North and South America and Africa, and are not native to the coasts of Florida. The Florida manatees are sub-species of the West Indian manatee brought to the coasts of Florida in the 1700s. Then called sea cows, they were kept in netted warm water corrals and raised as a food source. When these mammals were released, many died from water temperatures that were too cool, and from boating collisions. Manatees are herbivores, and eat a variety of sixty or more sea grasses and plants. Conservation efforts are supported by the fact that manatees clear plant-clogged river channels used for irrigation and transportation. Therefore, manatees are protected by local and national legislation in every coastal county in Florida. The State strictly enforces speed restrictions in manatee habitats to protect the rare sea mammals from boating collisions. Still 26% of manatee deaths are caused by collisions with watercrafts.

 

According to Save the Manatee Club, Manatees are currently facing total extinction. In 1996 almost 20% of the world’s entire manatee population died. Without intervention, the animal faces a high risk of extinction in the wild in ten or more years (The World Conservation Union, IUCN).

 

The main causes of manatee death are human-related such as harassment, poaching for hides, meat, and blubber oil, entanglement in Flood Gate or Canal Lock; habitat destruction; and deaths caused from fishing line, litter, vandalism, culverts and other man-made structures. Other causes of manatee death are natural causes such as cold water temperatures, stress, red tide, disease, and calving difficulties.

 

Harassment refers to pursuing, chasing, poking, prodding, grabbing, riding, and feeding manatees or giving them water from a hose. This conditions them